16, March 2018
Southern Cameroons Crisis: Behind the Facade 0
The crisis that has thrust Cameroon into the spotlight for all the wrong reasons is unfortunately getting worse by the day. The country that was known as an oasis of peace in a desert of chaos has itself become the epitome of chaos. Human rights abuses are legion. The country’s English-speaking population is being depleted through organized state killings, with many heading out of the country in search of safe sanctuaries. For many helpless English-speaking Cameroonians, Nigeria is always their first port of call as it is close and they do not require any visas to travel to Nigeria. But their destinations of choice remain the United States and Canada which are countries which have, for decades, opened their doors to people fleeing persecution in their countries of birth.
Despite the growing refugee and humanitarian crisis playing out on the country’s border with Nigeria where some 50,000 Cameroonian refugees have sort asylum, the Yaoundé government has not shown any signs of remorse or planned any initiatives that will help resettle the people it has destabilized. The refugee crisis is gradually becoming a huge concern for Nigerian government officials, as hordes of English-speaking Cameroonians show up every day in Nigeria, complaining about Cameroon government brutality that has left not less than 500 civilians dead and hundreds homeless in towns where government troops resorted to collective punishment as a means to send home a strong message to the population that is clearly sympathizing with Southern Cameroonian fighters who have, over the last six months, given the cash-strapped Cameroon government a run for its money.
The government seems to be in denial that it is losing the country’s two English-speaking regions after more than 17 months of turmoil. There is increasing insecurity in the two regions. Boko Haram attacks in the northern part of the country and Central African rebel attacks in the eastern part of the country are clearly setting Cameroon up for a huge failure. The country’s economy has been losing jobs at a disturbing rate, and many of its best and brightest are heading out of the country to seek stability and prosperity for their progeny. Falling oil production and declining export earnings have clearly manufactured a nightmare for the country’s ailing and aging government. Economic and political experts around the world hold that Cameroon will surely be the next fragile state on the continent if care is not taken. Given its position as the sub-region’s economic engine, if something is done and in time too, the fragile sub-region will end up with a sticky mess on its hands.
But the government of Cameroon known for its inefficiency, manipulation and indifference seems to be putting a brave face on the ugly socio-political situation. Despite the growing insecurity in the two regions, it is still maintaining that there is security in the regions. But the creation of a fifth military region in Bamenda, the North West region’s capital, and the vast increase in troops in other parts of the English-speaking regions speak to the government’s apprehension and confusion. Despite the lull in fighting, there are still many skirmishes in the region and tensions remain very high. Places like Kembong in Manyu Division and Mbonge in Ndian Division are still considered by many as ticking time bombs that could go off at any time. Indeed, the entire region is a tinder box waiting to explode.
Analysts across world see the government’s deployment of troops in the regions as a move to face off with the separatists who are hell-bent on breaking up the country to grant the English-speaking population the independence it has been longing for years. The Southern Cameroons crisis might just be the final financial nail into the government’s coffin. The crisis has gobbled up tons of money and this has caused the government to review its economic growth forecast for this year.
The deployment of troops and movement of military equipment to the English-speaking regions have left the government with a huge and scary financial bill. Its economic partners and foreign investors are reluctant to pour money into a country they consider as a black hole. Poor economic policies and corruption have reduced the country’s attraction and this is costing it tons of jobs. Cameroon’s unemployment rate is very high and the youths are the most affected, especially as the government is governed by the old who clearly belong to a different epoch. Their ability to introduce innovative measures to power the economy is impaired by greed and outdated economic theories.
The Southern Cameroons crisis that is gradually sapping the country’s economy of it vitality remains a major concern to the government. The government’s inability to contain this crisis is baffling many people across the globe. A crisis that started with just socio-professional demands has been mismanaged, causing it to metamorphose into a full-blown civil war that is threatening to destabilize the entire sub-region. The fear of having another sticky mess on its hands has left the international community perplexed. There have been calls for a broad-based and inclusive dialogue by the African Union, the Francophonie and the United Nations. But the calls seem not to have reached their destination.
Recently, Nigeria’s former Head of State, Olusegun Obasanjo, has called on the Cameroon government to take appropriate action to ensure the crisis does not roll over into other countries. Speaking to Jeune Afrique on October 25, 2017, Mr. Obasanjo discussed the crisis in Cameroon’s restive English-speaking regions. He used the occasion to denounce Mr. Biya’s continued stay in power, adding that “federalism is a good system of governance because thanks to federalism, each party can express itself on the future of the country and move at its own pace without disturbing others.” He added that in a federal system each state would have its executive, judiciary, and legislature, stressing that matters pertaining to nationality, currency and foreign policy will be the business of the federal government. He underscored that the fear inspired by anti-federalism was not justified, adding that he could mediate if given the opportunity to do so.
But all these calls have fallen on deaf ears. Mr. Biya and his plethoric government are hard of hearing. The Cameroon government is still counting on its policy of attrition. It is noted for leaving things to time. But this time around, time does not seem to be on its side. Armed groups are cropping up across the entire region and their actions have left the government in a tight spot. The armed groups have succeeded to kidnap a few government officials and they are threatening to kidnap more as a strategy that will push the government into telling the world where their arrested leaders are.
The groups also hold that this may help to reduce the abuses that are fueling the conflict.These abuses are ongoing and getting serious by the day. The international community is concerned about the Cameroon government’s refusal to call for genuine and inclusive dialogue. And its approach to the resolution of this conflict has been criticized by the International Crisis Group and other rights groups. It should be recalled that Southern Cameroonians leaders are being held incommunicado in Yaounde and this fueling the violence in the restive regions. Cameroon is not playing by international rules and by refusing access to the jailed Southern Cameroonian leaders, Mr. Biya’s government is clearly telling the world that it is an iron fist in a velvet glove, an accusation many Cameroonians have been making for years.
Behind the government’s facade, there are genuine and justifiable fears. Southern Cameroonians fighters have been making significant gains in recent times. The killing of over 300 army soldiers remains a concern to the government. Besides, its near-empty coffers are causing the country’s president to lose sleep. Last week, the government had to cancel an international cycling event due to a lack of financial resources. But it is the Africa Cup of Nations that is keeping government officials awake all night. The stadia are yet to be completed, the country’s road infrastructure is begging for improvement and with the violence in the English-speaking regions taking a turn for the worse, it is clear that Southern Cameroonian fighters would like to use the event to make a huge statement to the government and international community.
Yesterday’s cabinet meeting that was held behind closed doors and supposedly chaired by the country’s president, Paul Biya, speaks to the growing fear that is taking root within government circles. According to our sources which elected anonymity, the meeting focused on security. The sources added that Mr. Biya said the government was winning the fight to secure the country’s English-speaking regions and the Far North which is riled by incessant attacks from the Boko Haram group. If security was the only item on the agenda, then Southern Cameroonian fighters are having a huge impact on a government that has been orchestrating a charade.
In a statement published on the CRTV website, Mr. Biya said “Thanks to the firm action of our defense and security forces, we have been able to drastically curb the atrocities perpetrated by criminal groups in the Far North, North-West and South-West Regions.Efforts in that regard need to be continued, especially to ensure that economic and social activities return to normalcy,” adding that “There are a lot of things to do.” He pointed to the Africa Cup of Nations which Cameroon will host next year and the presidential election scheduled for October 2018.
There cannot be any better way of expressing the government’s fear. Mr. Biya’s statement above speaks volumes. It is obvious that the government has taken a blow to the liver and it is scrambling for solutions. Its rhetoric looks more like a charade. While putting a brave face, the government knows that there are major concerns and this year’s elections could spell the end of a system that is loathed by many Cameroonians.
The government, for its part, is not resting on its laurels. It has always rigged elections and it masters the art and science of robbing the people of their victory. In 1992, the popular SDF Chairman, John Fru Ndi, beat Mr. Biya in an election that was highly contested. But the Supreme Court that was acting as the constitutional council handed the victory to Mr. Biya who after that consolidated his grip on power.
Today there is a constitutional council and it is headed and populated by Mr. Biya’s men. Even the country’s elections body, ELECAM, is full of members of the ruling party. It is therefore clear that Cameroonians are in for more trouble. They will be seeing more of the Biya drama for the next eight years and the ailing and aging Biya is determined to hold on to power by all means even though his health is failing him.
However, there is something Cameroonians are counting on. The country’s youthful population believes that it can help counter any Machiavellian plan the ruling party is hatching. Many younger voters are currently registering to vote and they are determined that their votes must count. Besides, many opposition parties understand that a younger candidate may tilt the scale in this year’s election and that explains why the Social Democratic Front (SDF) has produced a younger presidential candidate in the name of Joshua Osih who is not only bilingual, but very conversant with the political machinations of the ruling party that have robbed the people of their victory in the past.
The government’s charade is obvious. The fears are easy to perceive. It is up to Cameroonians to take major actions that will help them kiss the Biya government a lasting goodbye. In this struggle to reboot the country, individualism is not the best option. Cameroonians must sink their differences if they really want to rid themselves of this government that has robbed them of their happiness. A holistic approach is also very necessary. While the fighting in the restive English-speaking regions is continuing, Southern Cameroonians must also understand that change could also come through the ballot boxes. They must register to vote and they must help to sensitize their Francophone colleagues who are considered to be politically inactive.
By Kingsley Betek, with contributions from Etchi Ebot and Soter Agbaw-Ebai in Dublin, Ireland.
19, March 2018
Southern Cameroons Crisis: At your own risk 0
The Southern Cameroons crisis that started with strikes by lawyers and teachers in October 2016 has sent the country in a downward spiral. Before this crisis, Cameroon was touted around the world as one of the most peaceful and growth-oriented nations on the continent. The country’s natural and human resources, as well as its strategic location in the Central African region, have always given it a privileged position on the continent. But this now belongs to the past.
The Southern Cameroons crisis has thrust the country into the spotlight for all the wrong reasons. The crisis is gradually eroding the country’s economy and being the engine of the sub-region, Cameroon is dragging the entire sub-region into an economic and financial abyss. The country’s English-speaking region that has always accounted for a sizeable portion of the country’s gross domestic product has witnessed a significant decline over the last two years.
The region’s population, noted for its dynamism, is today dealing with severe economic malaise due to the conflict and the government’s military action is depleting the region’s population, with many heading out of the country in search of safe havens.
For many who have been directly affected by the conflict, especially in Manyu Division in the South West region, Nigeria remains their first port of call as it is close, and they do not require a visa to travel to the continent’s most populated country. But their destinations of choice remain the United States and Canada which are countries which have, for decades, opened their doors to people fleeing persecution in their homeland.
Today, there are over 50,000 Southern Cameroonians living in squalor and facing tough economic times. Many of them are at the mercy of Nigerian authorities and Southern Cameroonian groups abroad that have been extending a hand of charity to them. The Yaoundé government has not shown any remorse for causing its own population to seek asylum in a foreign country and this is drawing a lot of flak both at home and abroad.
The refugee crisis is gradually becoming a huge concern to Nigerian government officials, as hordes of English-speaking Cameroonians show up every day, complaining about Cameroon government brutality that has left not less than 500 civilians dead and hundreds homeless in towns where government troops have resorted to collective punishment as a means to send home a strong message to the population that is clearly sympathizing with Southern Cameroonian fighters who have, over the last six months, given the cash-strapped Cameroon government a run for its money.
But it is the insecurity in the English-speaking regions of the country that is a huge concern for many people. After more than 17 months of turmoil, the government is still in denial that there is a serious issue that might threaten the country’s integrity.
Last week, a Manyu traditional authority in the Awanchi-Betieku clan was among the latest casualty in the war against Southern Cameroonians; a war that has already claimed hundreds of lives since the country’s President, Paul Biya, launched an anti-secessionist war last year. The chief was accused of cooperating with the enemy – the government of Yaounde.
It is alleged that Chief Boniface Atchu Njang of Mbeme had even brought in security officials to his village to arrest some young men he suspected of sympathizing with the secessionists. He did not know he was doing that at his own risk as secessionists have gained grounds and the cash-strapped Yaounde government is incapable of providing security to local administrative authorities who are seeking to help put an end to the conflict that has spiraled out of control.
Cameroon government sources have reported that Chief Boniface Njang was on board a government patrol vehicle when motorcycle-riding suspects fired at him. Cameroon Concord News Group informant said Chief Njang succumbed to multiple gunshot wounds to his head and body.
Meanwhile, on Saturday, March 18, 2018, suspected separatists abducted a top civil servant, Professor Leke Tambo, who was on his way to his native Alou, Lebialem Division, where he was supposed to celebrate his appointment as the chairperson of the country’s G.C.E Board.
Professor Leke was supposed to join other newly appointed government officials to celebrate their appointments but their party was cut short. He has been charged with human trafficking and importation of foreigners into the country – Ambazonia – without the visas. A video of him being naked has been circulating on social media under the control of Anglophone restoration forces.
Government authorities have not yet confirmed Professor Leke Tambo’s abduction, the latest in a slew of abductions in recent weeks. Last month, an official of the ministry of social affairs was also kidnapped in the northwest city of Batibo.
There is increasing tension in the country’s English-speaking regions which account for about a fifth of the country’s population since separatists declared the independence of the self-proclaimed Republic of “Ambazonia” on October 1, 2017.
The government has also been silent on an attack reported on Saturday by security sources in the southwest town of Alou by unidentified assailants on a convoy accompanying Economy Minister, Paul Tasong.
Social media footage has shown an attack on a bus carrying some 30 people by armed members of the self-declared Ambazonia Defence Forces. The latest attack came a day after newly-appointed Interior Minister, Paul Atanga Nji, embarked on a 48-hour “peace mission” to the north west region of the country.
A message sent to the Cameroon Concord News Group’sglobal headquarters in Coventry, UK, by a leader of the Ambazonian Defence Forces who have charged Prof. Leke Tambo of human trafficking and importation of illegal immigrants into the Republic of Ambazonia said “the people’s court will try Prof. Leke for his crimes. He has been collaborating with the enemy and this carries the death penalty.”
“He should have known that he was running a huge risk. Helping to run election campaigns for the enemy in our country is a serious crime. Prof. Leke has been backing the wrong horse and he should be made to pay the price. The party he supports is foreign to our country and it is widely considered as a crime syndicate. He should have known this and he should have understood that things have changed. Ambazonia is an independent country and we are going to do our best to ensure we remain independent of the other country that is being ruled by an 85-year-old president who does not love his country. We will not allow that madness to be brought over into our country,” the message said.
“We will continue to turn the heat on the Yaounde government until it tells us where our leaders are. They have been held incommunicado for almost two months and this is against international law. Our fight against the brutal Yaounde regime has entered a new phase. Anybody collaborating with the enemy is a target. Until we see our leaders on TV or in a duly constituted court, we will continue to take administrative officers and their collaborators as captives. They are enemies of the people. Any of them coming into our territory to preach the wrong political philosophy will be doing so at their own risk,” the message stressed.
“We have declared that there will be no elections in the Republic of Ambazonia. Anybody who thinks he can challenge us will be doing so at their own risk. Anybody who belongs to the ruling CPDM party is now a target. We are yet to build jails and due to a lack of penitentiary facilities in our new country, we will be disposing of our captives in a manner that will be far from being fair. These people have brought untold hardship to our people and they do not deserve any sympathy,”the message underscored.
Cameroon has been caught in a downward spiral. While its economy is on a tailspin, the country’s security is calling for a change of strategy on the government’s part. If the government thinks it can win this war anytime soon, then it is still living in the past. The country is now awash with arms and the separatists are determined to render the English-speaking part of the country ungovernable and they are clearly matching words with action.
The government still has time to negotiate. For long, it has taken a tough approach that is not producing any promising results. Hundreds of army soldiers have been rushed into an early grave, while thousands of civilians continue to flee their homeland because of government brutality.
The government still has some leverage. Its convening power can make it possible for both parties to sit at the table and work out an agreement that will restore peace and security in the two restive English-speaking regions. It is in a position of strength, especially as it has Southern Cameroonian leaders in its custody. This is indeed the time for it to head to the negotiating table. But it will soon lose that privileged position as separatists capture and kill their captives.
It will not be in the government’s interest to head to the negotiating table in a position of weakness. Now is the time to talk and the dialogue must be inclusive and sincere. Until that happens, any government official operating in Southern Cameroons will be a target and any CPDM parliamentarian or senator is vulnerable. Campaigning in the region for the upcoming elections will be one huge mistake and anybody doing so will be doing so at their own risk.
By Kingsley Betek and Etchi Ebot, with contributions from Soter Agbaw-Ebai and Rita Akana